Loom for the manufacture of pile fabrics



June 21, 1932. P. VENAIL LOOM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FILE FABRICS Filed Dec.

INVENTOR. 1P Ven a1 M 644 ATTORNEYS.

Patented June 21, 1932 i UNITED STATES PATENT0l'-"1"- I"CE,

PAUL VENAIL, 0F PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SOCIETE ANONYME DEFABRICATION H IDES TAI'IS A POINTS NOU'ES SAFTLAR', 0F PARIS, FRANCE LOOK FOR THE MANUFACTURE 0}:{ FILE FABRICS Application filed December 12, 1927, Serial No. 239,558, and in France August 2 5, 1927.

The present inven'tion relates to themanufacture of pile fabrics, more particularly to Persian, Smyrna, wound or other knotstitch carpets, by means of the known types of carpet looms. in which warp selecting means and tuft yarn inserters or needles are used for winding the tufts around the warps selected in groups. r

In looms of these types, for making carpets with wound knots, all the threads of the warp sheet, are selected, that is to say, before the passage of the tuft-yarn inserters or needles through the warp sheet, allthe warp threads are grouped twoby two in variable alternate order so as to leave spaces between them for the passage of the tuft-yarn inserters in order to wind the tufts around each group of warp threads so as to produce the knots. I J

The groups .of threads are formed alternately by selecting means, usually an alternately longitudinally displaced set of toothed combs, whereby each warp thread of the warp sheet, is grouped alternately with the adjacent thread from the right and with that from the left. 7 y

In orderthat the knots may be produced by surrounding the groups of threads in looms of this type, it is necessary that the tuft-inserters or needles which carry the tufts for making these knots, pass between the warp threads alternately on the right and on the left of the group of selected threads and between the two threads of a group, according to an orderwhich may vary .according to the kind of knot to be produced.

In order that these tuft-yarn inserters or needles may thus pass successively on each side of the group and between the threads of said group, so as to surround them with the tufts which they carry, it is necessary either to displace .alternately and laterally the groups of selected threads relatively to the alternative rectilinear course of the needles or to displace alternately and laterally the needles before they have passed between the groups of warp threads, the warp sheet remaining stationary.

To that effect, the looms above referred to are of two types:

The first known typejof looms consists d splacing the whole system of warp threads, laterally and alternately, it being understood that by the term whole system of the warp j I threads is meant the upper roller for delivering warp, the lower drum for windingQon the carpet .in proportion to its manufacture, the boxes or frames supporting this unit which is heavy and costly, and which requires a suitable mechanism complicated to actuate, for ensuring for the said unit an alternate transverse displacement.

In this first type of looms, the tuft-yarn inserters or needles are actuated with their alternate longitudinal movement. I The second known type of looms, wherei the whole system of thewarp sheet remains stationary, consists in displacing the whole system ofthe tuft-yarn inserters-or needles alternately and laterallybefore being passed through the warp sheet according to their alternate longitudinal movement, it being understood that by the term .,whole system of the tuft-yarn inserters is meant the tuftyarn inserter carriers, thecarriages for said carriers, the frame for supporting said carriages, this unit being heavy and costly and requiring a complicated mechanism to actuate it for ensuring'for the said unit an alternate transverse displacement. A v

I, The object of the present, invention is to render the operation of winding the tufts around the groups of selected warp less complicated and less costly to carry out, and this object is attained by performing this operation according to a new methods The looms which are adapted or constructed to work according to said improved method maybe regarded as constituting a third type oflooms for the manufacture of pile fabrics, more particularly for Persian, Smyrna, wound or other knot-stitch carpets. V

This method consists in maintaining the whole system of the warp threads as well as the whole system of tuft-yarn inserters stationary, without alternate transverse movements, during the'production of the knots, while the necessary alternate transverse movements of the grouped selected warp threads are effected by means of the selecting means, to which alternate transverse supplemental motion is imparted.

This method, when applied to looms of the above mentioned types, proves to be a very important advancement in that, when applied to known looms of the first type, the whole system of moving the warp sheet transversely is dispensed with, and when itis applied to looms of the second type, the whole system of moving the tuft-yarn inserters; or needles is dispensed. with.

Moreover the improved method, when applied to newly constructed looms, dispenses with the application of any system for dis placing laterally either the whole of the warp sheet or the whole of the tuft-yarn inserters. Therefore, to carry out said method, when applied, either to looms of the known types, or to looms newly constructed, whatever may be the selecting means or systems fitted on said known looms or proposed to be fitted on said. newly constructedlooms, it is only necessary to modify or to construct said. selecting means, so. that to the ordinary motion imparted to them in orderto effect the alternate grouping of the selected warps, a supplemental motion is imparted to them, (after the warp threads have been selected in groups and before the tuft-yarn inserters are passed through the warp sheet) to the, effect thatsaid selecting meansis moved alternately and laterally.

By way of example, the invention is, shown applied to the selecting means of the loom described in my prior U. S. Patent 1,690,802, which relates to a loom of the second type. Inthe accompany drawing: Fig. 1 is a side elevation showing, the reed or hatten and the selectingcombs of the selecting' system, modified and fitted to be capable of being alternately and laterally displaced with regard to the remaining parts of said. system which are only capable of a toand-fro. longitudinally oscillating movement. Fig. 2 is a front view showing one end of the reed and selecting combs and means for imparting to them the required alternate lateral, movement.

- Fig.3 is an enlarged perspective View, partly in section, oftlie reed and selecting combs.

Figs. 4:, 5 and 6 are enlarged details showing the various, positions of the reed and selecting combs and corresponding groupings of the-warp threads- Referring to the drawing indetail, 1, indicates the frame oscillating longitudinally and descending in accordancewith. my prior patout above referred to. A reed or batten 2 is provided with guides ladapted to slide transversely in the frame 1 and carries the selecting combs ?.3 which latter are fixed. to the inside of. the reed or batten. v

Several of the threads of the warp sheets extending vertically and across the width of the loomare indicated at a, b, 0, df and.e, a

warp thread passing between each two adjacent members of the reed 2. Two consecutive threadsare alternately lodged and wedged into one tooth of each selecting comb 3 as the latter comes alternately in contact with the warp sheet when oscillated.

The alternate lateral displacement of the reed'and combs 2 and 3 with the selected group of threads is effected by anti-friction rollers 5. carried; at the ends of the guides 4 and coacting witha cam6 mounted on a shaft 7, the latter being actuated from the loom through ali'nk-lever 8, it being understood that the actuation of the slidable reed and combs 2, 3 takespla'ce only when the selecting system reaches the end ofits oscillatory movement. The combs?) are then in a positionfor selecting the threads, for: allowing the passage of the tuft-yarn inserters. It will also be understood thateach time the-unit constituted by the. parts 1, 2, 3 and 4 oscillates either toward the front or the rear of the loom, the grouping or selection of threads varies in accordance with the positions illustrated in Figs. 4- 6.

' In Fig. 4: a grouping of threads is shown in which the thread a stands alone, the threads b& and: de being grouped or selected. The tuft-yarn inserter or needle indicated at p. having lon itudinal reciprocatin move.- iCrlientpasseso ybetweenthegroups .-c and The selecting system or unit constituted by the pa-rts'l, 2, 3 and 4 being oscillated, the opposite set of,teeth.3 roup the threads in the order a-b. and (zed, with the threads 6 standing alone, as shown in Fig. 5. Iff at this moment the reed 2 and the teeth 3 are displacedfas a unit towards the ri ht (Fig. 5) the tuft inserter 32' will pass lietween the groups a and c-d. When the reed 2 and teeth 3 aredisplaced to the leftas shown in Fig. 6' the tuft inserter will pass between the group c d and the thread 6, in the case that the thread 6 is'the last thread of the warp sheet. Thus, during the alternate passages or courses of the inserters p, the tuft yarn is wound about the threads c--d and between them for producing a stitch knot.

What I claim is:

1. In a loom for the, manufacture ofvpile fabric more particularly oriental, Persian, wound and other knot-stitch carpets of the kind referred to, thecombination of a batten, two selector combs associated with said batten to move therewith and means for reciprocating said batten and selector combs transversely to the warpthreads for the purpose of imparting transverse movement to selected warp threads,.substantially as described.

2. In a carpet loom of the type referred to having reciprocating tuft yarn inserters moving constantly in the same planes, the combination of a frame adapted to move up and down and to turn about a horizontal axis,

inserters, consisting in maintaining the whole i system of the warped threads as Well as the Whole system of tuft-yarn inserters stationary without alternate transverse movements, during the production of the knots, while the necessary alternate transverse movements of the selected warp threads are effected by means of the selecting means, to which an alternate transverse motion is imparted.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

PAUL VENAIL. 

